Joe Engle, NASA astronaut, US Air Force pilot, space shuttle, X-15 pilot, Apollo Program, space exploration, aerospace pioneer, NASA Johnson, space history
Discover the incredible legacy of Joe Engle, the only astronaut to pilot both the X-15 and the space shuttle. From his early days as a test pilot to his groundbreaking missions with NASA, Engle’s story is a testament to skill, bravery, and dedication. Learn more about his contributions to space exploration and his enduring impact on future generations.
NASA Remembers Retired Astronaut, US Air Force Pilot Joe Engle
On July 10, retired NASA astronaut and U.S. Air Force Major General Joe Engle passed away at the age of 91, surrounded by his family at home in Houston. Engle, renowned for his remarkable career and significant contributions to space exploration, is remembered as the only astronaut to have piloted both the X-15 and the space shuttle. His death marks the end of an era, as he was the last surviving X-15 pilot.
Early Life and Education
Joe Engle was born in Dickinson County, Kansas. From a young age, he exhibited a passion for aviation, which led him to pursue a degree in Aeronautical Engineering at the University of Kansas, Lawrence. Graduating in 1955, he received his commission through the Air Force Reserve Officers Training Course, earning his pilot wings in 1958. His dedication to his studies and his innate flying skills laid the foundation for his illustrious career.
Entry into Astronaut Corps
Engle’s journey to becoming an astronaut began with his work as a test pilot for the U.S. Air Force, flying the X-15 aircraft. At just 32 years old, he became the youngest pilot ever to qualify as an astronaut. This achievement was a testament to his exceptional skills and daring spirit. When he was selected as a NASA astronaut candidate in 1966, Engle was already deeply involved in spaceflight operations, setting him apart from his peers.
Contributions to NASA’s Programs
Throughout his career at NASA, Joe Engle made significant contributions to various space programs. He played a crucial role in the Apollo Program and served as the backup lunar module pilot for Apollo 14. His expertise and reliability earned him key positions and responsibilities in NASA’s missions.
In 1977, Engle commanded the space shuttle Enterprise during its approach and landing tests, using a modified Boeing 747 shuttle carrier aircraft. This mission was pivotal in demonstrating the shuttle’s capability to glide to a landing, a critical aspect of the space shuttle program.
Space Shuttle Missions
Engle’s most notable achievements came during his time commanding space shuttle missions. In November 1981, he commanded the second flight of the space shuttle Columbia, making history as the first and only pilot to manually fly an aerospace vehicle from Mach 25 to landing. This feat showcased his unparalleled piloting skills and composure under pressure.
In August 1985, Engle commanded the space shuttle Discovery, undertaking one of the most challenging shuttle missions ever. The mission involved deploying three commercial satellites and retrieving, repairing, and redeploying a malfunctioning satellite. His leadership and precision during this mission underscored his exceptional capabilities as an astronaut.
Legacy and Honors
Joe Engle’s career is marked by numerous accolades and honors. He flew more than 180 different aircraft types and logged over 14,000 flight hours. His military decorations include the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal, U.S. Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, and the Air Force Distinguished Flying Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster. Engle also received the NASA Distinguished Service Medal and Space Flight Medal, among other prestigious awards.
His contributions to aviation and space exploration were further recognized with the Harmon International Aviation Trophy, the Collier Trophy, the Goddard Space Trophy, the Gen. Thomas D. White Space Trophy, and the Kinchelow Experimental Test Pilot’s Trophy. In 1992, he was inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor, cementing his legacy as a pioneer in aerospace.
Personal Life and Remembrance
Beyond his professional achievements, Joe Engle was a beloved husband, father, and grandfather. His wife, Jeanie Engle, described him as a loving family man who found immense joy in flying. “Joe Henry was a loving husband, father, and grandfather. Blessed with natural piloting skills, General Joe, as he was known to many, was at his happiest in any cockpit. Always with a smile, he lived a fulfilled life as a proud American, U.S. Air Force pilot, astronaut, and Kansas Jayhawk,” she said. His passing leaves a significant void in the hearts of his loved ones and colleagues.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson remembered Engle fondly, stating, “A natural pilot, Gen. Joe Engle helped humanity’s dreams take flight – in the X-15 program, the Apollo Program, and as one of the first commanders in the Space Shuttle Program. He was one of the first astronauts I met at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. I’ll never forget his big smile, his warmth, and his courage. We all will miss him.”
Vanessa Wyche, center director at NASA Johnson, echoed these sentiments, emphasizing Engle’s lasting impact on space exploration. “As we mourn the immense loss of Joe, we’re thankful for his notable contributions to the advancement of human spaceflight. Joe’s accomplishments and legacy of perseverance will continue to inspire and impact generations of explorers for years to come.”
Final Thoughts
Joe Engle’s career is a testament to his exceptional skill, bravery, and dedication to advancing human spaceflight. His unique achievements, such as piloting both the X-15 and the space shuttle, set him apart as a true pioneer in aerospace. His legacy will continue to inspire future generations of astronauts and aviators, reminding us of the remarkable heights humanity can reach with courage and determination.
In remembering Joe Engle, we honor not only his technical accomplishments but also his spirit of exploration and his contribution to expanding the boundaries of human knowledge and capability. His story is one of relentless pursuit of excellence, and his memory will forever be cherished in the annals of space history.
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